Article
WALKING TRIP GENERATION AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT: A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON TRIP PURPOSES
DOI: 10.7708/ijtte.2020.10(3).10
10 / 3 / 402-414 Pages
Author(s)
Aryan Hosseinzadeh - Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Louisville, W.S. Speed, Louisville, KY, USA -
Abstract
In recent decades, enhancing the share of walking in individuals’ daily trips has become a priority for transportation policymakers, urban planners and public health researchers as an interdisciplinary area. In this regard, determining influential factors on walking has become a matter of contention to move toward a sustainable mode of transportation. This study investigates the impact of the influencing factors on the share of walking in trip generation from/to Traffic Analysis Zones (TAZ) of a city across four trip purposes. In this study, individuals’ trip information for four trip purposes has been tested in order to detect influencing factors on walking trip generation based on 112 TAZs for the city of Rasht, Iran. According to the results, density and design are found to be more influential for produced walking trips and diversity is shown to be more effective for attracted walking trips.
Number of downloads: 513
Keywords:
walking;
built environment;
trip generation;
transportation network design;
population density;
land use diversity;
References:
Adams, E.J.; Bull, F.C.; Foster, C.E. 2016. Are perceptions of the environment in the workplace ‘neighbourhood’associated with commuter walking?, Journal of Transport & Health 3(4): 479-484.
Azimi, N. 2005. Restructuring Urban Morphology, a Case Study of Rasht in Iran, Geographical Research 53: 13-25.
Badland, H.M.; Schofield, G.M.; Witten, K.; Schluter, P.J.; Mavoa, S.; Kearns, R.A.; Hinckson, E.A.; Oliver, M.; Kaiwai, H.; Jensen, V.G. 2009. Understanding the Relationship between Activity and Neighbourhoods (URBAN) Study: Research Design and Methodology, BMC Public Health 9(1): 1-11.
Behbahani, H.; Nazari, S.; Kang, M.J.; Litman, T. 2019a. A conceptual framework to formulate transportation network design problem considering social equity criteria. Transportation research part A: policy and practice 125: 171-183.
Behbahani, H.; Nazari, S.; Partovifar, H.; Kang, M.J. 2019b. Designing a Road Network Using John Rawls’s Social Justice Approach. Journal of Urban Planning and Development 145(2): 05019002.
Bentley, R.; Blakely, T.; Kavanagh, A.; Aitken, Z.; King, T.; McElwee, P.; Giles-Corti, B.; Turrell, G. 2018. A longitudinal study examining changes in street connectivity, land use, and density of dwellings and walking for transport in Brisbane, Australia, Environmental Health Perspectives 126(5): 057003.
Berrigan, D.; Pickle, L.W.; Dill, J. 2010. Associations between street connectivity and active transportation, International journal of health geographics 9(1): 20.
Boakye-Dankwa, E.; Nathan, A.; Barnett, A.; Busija, L.; Lee, R.S.; Pachana, N.; Turrell, G.; Cerin, E. 2019. Walking behaviour and patterns of perceived access to neighbourhood destinations in older adults from a low-density (Brisbane, Australia) and an ultra-dense city (Hong Kong, China), Cities 84: 23-33.
Boarnet, M.G.; Day, K.; Anderson, C.; McMillan, T.; Alfonzo, M. 2005. California's Safe Routes to School program: impacts on walking, bicycling, and pedestrian safety, Journal of the American Planning Association 71: 301-317.
Braun, L.M.; Rodriguez, D.A.; Song, Y.; Meyer, K.A.; Lewis, C.E.; Reis, J.P.; Gordon-Larsen, P. 2016. Changes in walking, body mass index, and cardiometabolic risk factors following residential relocation: Longitudinal results from the CARDIA study, Journal of Transport & Health 3(4): 426-439.
Buliung, R.N.; Larsen, K.; Faulkner, G.; Ross, T. 2017. Children’s independent mobility in the City of Toronto, Canada, Travel Behaviour and Society 9: 58-69.
Cao, J. 2014. Residential self-selection in the relationships between the built environment and travel behavior: Introduction to the special issue, Journal of Transport and Land Use 7(3): 1-3.
Cervero, R.; Duncan, M. 2006. Which Reduces Vehicle Travel More: Jobs-Housing Balance or Retail-Housing Mixing?, Journal of the American planning association 72: 475-490.
Cervero, R.; Kockelman, K. 1997. Travel demand and the 3Ds: density, diversity, and design, Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 2(3): 199-219.
Christian, H.E.; Bull, F.C.; Middleton, N.J.; Knuiman, M.W.; Divitini, M.L.; Hooper, P.; Amarasinghe, A.; Giles-Corti, B. 2011. How important is the land use mix measure in understanding walking behaviour? Results from the RESIDE study, International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 8(1): 55.
Dill, J. 2004. Measuring network connectivity for bicycling and walking, In Proceedings of the 83rd Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, 11-15.
Dobesova, Z.; Krivka, T. 2012. Walkability index in the urban planning: A case study in Olomouc city. Advances in spatial planning, 179-197.
Ewing, R.; Cervero, R. 2010. Travel and the built environment: a meta-analysis, Journal of the American Planning Association 76: 265-294.
Ewing, R.; Tian, G.; Goates, J.P.; Zhang, M.; Greenwald, M.J.; Joyce, A.; Kircher, J.; Greene, W. 2015. Varying influences of the built environment on household travel in 15 diverse regions of the United States, Urban Studies 52(13): 2330-2348.
Frank, L.D.; Pivo, G. 1994. Impacts of mixed use and density on utilization of three modes of travel: single-occupant vehicle, transit, and walking, Transportation research record 1466: 44-52.
Frank, L.D.; Sallis, J.F.; Saelens, B.E.; Leary, L.; Cain, K.; Conway, T.L.; Hess, P.M. 2010. The development of a walkability index: application to the Neighborhood Quality of Life Study, British journal of sports medicine 44(13): 924-933.
Frank, L.D.; Schmid, T.L.; Sallis, J.F.; Chapman, J.; Saelens, B.E. 2005. Linking objectively measured physical activity with objectively measured urban form: findings from SMARTRAQ, American journal of preventive medicine 28(2): 117-125.
Gehrke, S.R.; Clifton, K.J. 2017. A pathway linking smart growth neighborhoods to home-based pedestrian travel, Travel Behaviour and Society 7: 52-62.
Glazier, R.H.; Weyman, J.T.; Creatore, M.I.; Gozdyra, P.; Moineddin, R.; Matheson, F.I.; Booth, G.L. 2012. Development and validation of an urban walkability index for Toronto, Canada. Toronto Community Health Profiles Partnership, 1-21.
Gori, S.; Nigro, M.; Petrelli, M. 2014. Walkability indicators for pedestrian-friendly design, Transportation Research Record 2464(1): 38-45.
Habibian, M.; Avaz, Z.; Hosseinzadeh, A. 2015. Sociological Study of Influence of Citizen’s Traffic Ethics on Driving Violations: Case Study of Tehran, Iran, In Proceedings of the 94th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, No. 15-6029.
Habibian, M.; Hosseinzadeh, A. 2018. Walkability index across trip purposes, Sustainable cities and society 42: 216-225.
Handy, S.L. 1992. Regional versus local accessibility: neo-traditional development and its implications for non-work travel, Built Environment 1978: 253-267.
Hatamzadeh, Y.; Habibian, M.; Khodaii, A. 2017. Walking and jobs: A comparative analysis to explore factors influencing flexible and fixed schedule workers, a case study of Rasht, Iran, Sustainable cities and society 31: 74-82.
Hatamzadeh, Y.; Hosseinzadeh, A. 2019. Toward a deeper understanding of elderly walking mode choice behavior: An analysis across genders in a case study of Iran, In Proceedings of the 15th World Conference on Transport Research.
Hong, J.; Shen, Q.; Zhang, L. 2014. How do built-environment factors affect travel behavior? A spatial analysis at different geographic scales, Transportation 41(3): 419-440.
Hosseinzadeh, A. 2019. Built Environment and Walking: Short vs. Long Walking Trips. arXiv preprint arXiv:2001.00640.
Jacobsen, P.L. 2015. Safety in numbers: more walkers and bicyclists, safer walking and bicycling, Injury prevention 21(4): 271-275.
Karimpour, A.; Ariannezhad, A.; Wu, Y.J. 2019. Hybrid data-driven approach for truck travel time imputation, IET Intelligent Transport Systems 13(10): 1518-1524.
Kerr, J.; Rosenberg, D.; Sallis, J.F.; Saelens, B.E.; Frank, L.D.; Conway, T.L. 2006. Active commuting to school: associations with environment and parental concerns, Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 38(4): 787-793.
Krizek, K.J. 2003. Operationalizing neighborhood accessibility for land use-travel behavior research and regional modeling, Journal of Planning Education and Research 22(3): 270-287.
Lamíquiz, P.J.; López-Domínguez, J. 2015. Effects of built environment on walking at the neighbourhood scale. A new role for street networks by modelling their configurational accessibility?, Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 74: 148-163.
Maghelal, P.K.; Capp, C.J. 2011. Walkability: A Review of Existing Pedestrian Indices, Journal of the Urban & Regional Information Systems Association 23(2): 15-19.
Nickkar, A.; Banerjee, S.; Chavis, C.; Bhuyan, I.A.; Barnes, P. 2019. A spatial-temporal gender and land use analysis of bikeshare ridership: The case study of Baltimore City, City, Culture and Society 18: 100291.
Perchoux, C.; Brondeel, R.; Wasfi, R.; Klein, O.; Caruso, G.; Vallée, J.; Klein, S.; Thierry, B.; Dijst, M.; Chaix, B.; Kestens, Y. 2019. Walking, trip purpose, and exposure to multiple environments: a case study of older adults in Luxembourg, Journal of Transport & Health 13: 170-184.
Rahimi, A.; Azimi, G.; Jin, X. 2020. Examining human attitudes toward shared mobility options and autonomous vehicles, Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 72: 133-154.
Ramezani, S.; Pizzo, B.; Deakin, E. 2018. An integrated assessment of factors affecting modal choice: towards a better understanding of the causal effects of built environment, Transportation 45(5): 1351-1387.
Rasht. 2011. Rasht comprehensive transportation planning study. Final report (final edition), Municipality of Rasht (Andishkar consulting engineers). Roof, K.; Oleru, N. 2008. Public health: Seattle and King County’s push for the built environment, Journal of environmental health 71(1): 24-27.
Schlossberg, M. 2006. From TIGER to audit instruments: Measuring neighborhood walkability with street data based on geographic information systems, Transportation Research Record 1982(1): 48-56.
Shamshiripour, A.; Rahimi, E.; Shabanpour, R.; Mohammadian, A.K. 2020. Dynamics of travelers’ modality style in the presence of mobility-on-demand services, Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies 117: 102668.
Sharifi, M.S.; Song, Z.; Esfahani, H.N.; Christensen, K. 2020. Exploring heterogeneous pedestrian stream characteristics at walking facilities with different angle intersections, Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 540: 123112.
Southworth, M. 2005. Designing the walkable city, Journal of urban planning and development 131(4): 246-257.
Sugiyama, T.; Rachele, J.N.; Gunn, L.D.; Burton, N.W.; Brown, W.J.; Turrell, G. 2019. Land use proportion and walking: Application of isometric substitution analysis, Health & place 57: 352-357.
Talen, E.; Koschinsky, J. 2013. The walkable neighborhood: A literature review, International Journal of Sustainable Land Use and Urban Planning 1(1): 42-63.
Yang, Y.; Diez-Roux, A.V. 2012. Walking distance by trip purpose and population subgroups, American journal of preventive medicine 43(1): 11-19.
Quoted IJTTE Works
There is no quoted studies.
Related Keywords