Volume List  / Volume 7 (2)

Article

ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN IRAQ: A REVIEW OF EVIDENCE-BASED LITERATURE

DOI: 10.7708/ijtte.2017.7(2).09


7 / 2 / 256-275 Pages

Author(s)

Firas Hasan Alwan Asad - Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kufa, Iraq -


Abstract

The overall aim of this paper is to enrich the global highway safety knowledge by shedding light on the current status of road safety in Iraq. Iraq is one of the major medium-income Arabic countries in which vehicular road transport is the essential means of mobility. Recently, there has been a noticeable increase in traffic accidents and injuries; this increase is expected to be as an intuitive result of the soaring motorization which in turned is expected to be a result of the boom in economy and population after 2003. Available evidence-based literature concerning status of traffic accidents in Iraq over the past decade (2005-2015) has been analytically reviewed. Such literature includes official statistics, traffic accident studies, and current highway safety policies and traffic laws. The discussion of the synthesis of evidence-based findings revealed several important points regarding aspects such as crash characteristics, occurrence, severity, and measures. The findings can be informative for researchers interested in studying highway safety in developing countries. Also findings can guide the government to achieve its national goal in minimizing accidents and injuries. The paper attains its significance from being the first paper among those available online with timescale, spatial coverage and analytical scope sufficient to consider the preset aim.


Download Article

Number of downloads: 5663


References:

Abid, A.J.; Ali, R.S.; Saheb, R.R. 2014. Vehicle Remote Support and Surveillance System, Iraqi Journal for Electrical And Electronic Engineering 10(2): 55-63.

 

Abu Alshair, M.J. 2007. Forecasting for Traffic accidents by using Box and Jenkins model, Al-Rafidain University College For Sciences (21): 1-14.

 

Al-Anbari, H.G. 2011. Head Injuries due to Motorcycle Accidents in Karabala-Iraq: Prospective Clinical Study, Karbala Journal of Medicine 4(3-4): 1170-1179.

 

Al-Ghabban, S.I.; AbdulSahib, M.; Waleed, M. 2013. Risk Factors and Pattern of Injuries in Motorcycle Accidents in Holy Karbala, Kerbala Jorunal of Medicine 6(1): 1552-1560.

 

Al-Hucheimy, A. 2014. Traffic Accidents in Thiqar Governorate during (2006-2012): A Study in Transport Geography, Master Thesis, University of Thiqar, Thiqar, Iraq.

 

Al-Joborae, S.F.; Al-Humairi, A.K. 2014. A Study of Road Traffic Accidents in Babylon Province, Medical Journal of Babylon 11(4): 912-922.

 

Al-Obaedi, J.T. 2015. Evaluation of Traffic Accidents Rates in Al-Diwaniya City, Journal of Babylon University 23(3): 571-578.

 

Al-Obaidi, S.M.; Yousif, H.H.; Al-Shalchy, A. 2007. An analytic study of 200 cases of head injuries admitted to teaching Hospital in Najaf, Journal of the Faculty of Medicine 49(1): 1-8.

 

Al-Sabbah, S.A. 2012. The most important factors affecting the accident according to the standard Bayesian future, Journal of Kerbala University (Scientific) 10(3): 127-134.

 

Al-Taei, A. 2010. Gap acceptance and traffic safety analysis on U-turn median openings of arterial roads, AL Rafdain Engineering Journal 18(6): 42-53.

 

Ali, A.M. 2005. Road traffic accident fatalities in Tikrit general hospital, Medical Journal of Tikrit 2(112): 24-27.

 

Ali, S.F.; Abd, U.F. 2015. Measurement and classification of dangerous levels of traffic accidents in the provinces of Iraq, Journal of Kerbala University (Scientific) 13(02): 07-24.

 

Alwash, Q.M. 2012. Analysis of transport routes and the traffic situation in the city of Hilla, Journal Of Babylon Center for Humanities Studies 2(1): 146-167.

 

Bordens, K.S.; Abbott, B.B. 2008. Research design and methods: A process approach. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. USA. 628 p.

 

Central Statistical Organization (CSO) 2011. Statistics of private sector motorcars registered at the general directorate of traffic. Available from internet: http://www.cosit.gov.iq/en/trans-comm-statistics.

 

Central Statistical Organization (CSO) 2013a. Report of traffic accidents statistics registered in 2010. Available from internet: http://www.cosit.gov.iq/ar/2015-11-23-08-05-11.

 

Central Statistical Organization (CSO). 2013b. Summary of traffic accidents registered in 2009. Available from internet: http://www.cosit.gov.iq/ar/2015-11-23-08-05-11.

 

Central Statistical Organization (CSO). 2013c. Traffic accidents statistics registered in 2012. Available from internet: http://www.cosit.gov.iq/ar/2015-11-23-08-05-11.

 

Central Statistical Organization (CSO). 2013d. Transportation and Communication Statistics Part 06. Available from internet: http://cosit.gov.iq/ar/2013-12-18-07-31-11.

 

Central Statistical Organization (CSO). 2014. Traffic accidents statistics registered in 2013. Available from internet: http://cosit.gov.iq/ar/2015-11-23-08-05-11.

 

Central Statistical Organization (CSO). 2015a. Statistics of private sector motorcars registered at the general directorate of traffic. Available from internet: http://www.cosit.gov.iq.

 

Central Statistical Organization (CSO). 2015b. Traffic accidents statistics registered in 2014. Available from internet: http://www.cosit.gov.iq/ar/2015-11-23-08-05-11.

 

Central Statistical Organization (CSO). 2015c. Traffic accidents statistics registered in 2015. Available from internet: http://www.cosit.gov.iq/ar/2015-11-23-08-05-11.

 

Central Statistical Organization (CSO). 2016a. Population of Iraq for the years 1978 - 2012. Available from internet: http://www.cosit.gov.iq/en/industrial-statistics/smallfacilities?id=559.

 

Central Statistical Organization (CSO). 2016b. Statistical summary. Available from internet: http://www.cosit.gov.iq/en/transportation?id=891.

 

Central Statistical Organization (CSO). 2016c. Statistics of Private Motorcars up to 31/12/2015. Available from internet: http://www.cosit.gov.iq/ar/2015-11-23-08-05-11.

 

Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA). 2004. Iraqi Traffic Code (Traffic Law), Order No. 86. Available from internet: http://www.iraqcoalition.org/regulations/.

 

Dhahad, S.N. 2015. Traffic Accidents in Thi Kar Government Causes and Solutions, Basic Education College Magazine For Educational and Humanities Sciences (20): 639-655.

 

Ewadh, H.A 2006. Development of a rural road safety audit expert system (RRSAES), AL-Taqani Journal 19(2): 19-29.

 

Ewadh, H.A.; Neham, S.S. 2008. Traffic conflict technique: A tool for traffic safety study at three-leg signalized intersections, Journal of Kerbala University 6(1): 130-140.

 

Hadi, S.S. 2011. Parameters influence pedestrian traffic safety at urban unsignalized intersections, Engineering & Technology Journal 29(14): 2973-2985.

 

Ismail, A.A. 2012. Comprehension of Posted Highway Traffic Signs in Iraq, Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences 19(01): 62-70.

 

Ismail, S.A.; Hasan, M.T. 2012. Epidemiology of Road Traffic Accidents in Emergency Hospital in Erbil City, Medical Journal of Tikrit 18(182): 296-305.

 

Jrew, B.; Abojaradeh, M.; Msallam, M.; AL-Kakaie, S.K. 2015. Management of Traffic Accidents for Principle Urban Streets in Arbil City in Iraq. In Proceedings of the Seventh Traffic Safety Conference, Amman, Jordan.

 

Marczyk, G.; DeMatteo, D.; Festinger, D. 2005. Essentials of research design and methodology. John Wiley and Sons Inc. New Jersey.USA. 301p.

 

Ministry of Planning. 2010. National Development Plan 2010-2014. Available from internet: http://iq.one.un.org/documents/83/NDP%20English.pdf.

 

Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research 2016. Iraqi Academic Scientific Journals. Available from internet: http://www.iasj.net/iasj.

 

Mohammed, H.A. 2012. Study of traffic safety evaluation and improvements at unsignalized intersections, Al-Qadisiya Journal for Engineering Sciences 5(2): 150-165.

 

Mohammed, H.D.; Ahmed, A.M.; Ahmed, H.A. 2015. Statistical Analysis of Traffic Accidents Locations Using Geographic Information System in Darbandikhan Town- Kurdistan Region of Iraq, International Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research 6(5): 1831-1843.

 

Mohammed, W.M. 2011. Traffic accidents in the province of Diyala to the years 2009 and 2010, Journal of Research Diyala humanity (50): 511-536.

 

Mohammedhasan, Z.A. 2009. A Study of Motorcycle Accidents in Karbala City, Journal of Kerbala University 7(3): 154-168.

 

Mohan, D.; Tiwari, G; Khayesi, M; Nafukho, F. 2006. Road traffic injury prevention training manual. World Health Organization. Geneva.

 

Mudfon, A.A.; Abd Onn, N.A. 2005. Impact of environmental factors on traffic accidents in Al-Najaf city during 1995-2000, Journal of Kerbala University 3(13): 200-207.

 

Muhammad, S.A. 2006. Traffic mortality in year 2002 in Salahaddin governorate, Medical Journal of Tikrit 1(121): 25-28.

 

Naham, S.S. 2009. Predicted effectiveness countermeasure, Iraqi journal of mechanical and material engineering, Special issue C: 363-372.

 

O'Flaherty, C. ed., 1997. Transport planning and traffic engineering. Elsevier.

 

Peden, M.; Scurfield, R.; Sleet, D.; Mohan, D.; Hyder, A.; Jarawan, E.; Mathers, C. ed., 2004. World report on road traffic injury prevention. World Health Organization. Geneva.

 

Razouki, S.S.; Yasso, F.S.; Yaso, S.S.; Yasso, P.S.; Dafdony, I.V. 2013. Medical-Engineering Pattern of Severe Iraqi Road Traffic Accidents, American Journal of Medical Sciences and Medicine 1(5): 86-91.

 

Roess, R.P.; Prassas, E.; McShane, W. R. 2011. Traffic engineering (3rd ed.). Pearson Education International. 740 p.

 

The World Bank. 2016. Gross National Income (GNI) per capita Atlas method. Available from internet: http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GNP.PCAP.CD.

 

Tulfah, H.R. 2008. Traffic Accidents in Al-Diwanya City and Relationship with Congestion, Journal of College of Education 3(20): 154-168.

 

World Health Organization (WHO). 2011. Decade for action for road safety 2011-2020: global lunch. Available from internet: http://www.who.int/roadsafety/publications/decade_launch/en/.

 

World Health Organization (WHO). 2015. Global status report on road safety 2015. Available from internet: http://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/road_traffic/en/.

 

Zalzala, S.H.; Mahmood, K.K. 2013. Statistical study of traffic accidents in Iraq (in Arabic), Journal of Adminstartion and Economics (96): 213-221.