The goal of IJTTE is to broaden the knowledge of traffic and transport experts and academicians by promoting free access and provide valuable insight to transport related information, research and ideas. IJTTE will serve as a great resource for researchers and students across the globe.
Volume List  / Volume 12 (4)

Article

FINANCIAL INCENTIVES FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES ADOPTION: EXPERIENCES AND EVIDENCES FROM EUROPEAN COUNTRIES

DOI: 10.7708/ijtte2022.12(4).05


12 / 4 / 491-500 Pages

Author(s)

Snežana Kaplanović - University of Belgrade, Faculty of Transport and Traffic Engineering, Vojvode Stepe 305, Belgrade, Serbia -

Tanja Živojinović - University of Belgrade, Faculty of Transport and Traffic Engineering, Vojvode Stepe 305, Belgrade, Serbia -


Abstract

Solving environmental problems caused by road transport, in particular problems of global warming and climate change is one of the biggest challenges today. Given that vehicles are significant sources of CO2 emissions, many European countries have decided to speed up the transition from fossil fuel-powered vehicles to electric vehicles and thus contribute to the solution of these problems. Their experiences in this field can be very useful for other countries. For this reason, different financial incentives which are applied in European countries, as well as the effects of their implementation and therefore the ability to accelerate adoption of electric and other zero and low emissions vehicles are researched in this paper. Particular attention is given to financial incentives and their role in vehicle electrification policy in Norway, since it is the country with the most experience in this field in Europe as well as the country with large market share of electric vehicles. At the end of the paper, special attention is paid to financial incentives that favor these innovative technological solutions in the Republic of Serbia, as well as to reasons that explain the existing difference in the level of electrification of vehicles in the Republic of Serbia compared to other European countries.


Download Article

Number of downloads: 221

Keywords:
financial incentives; electric vehicles; CO2 emissions; vehicle taxes; purchase incentives;


Acknowledgements:

The research work was supported by the Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia (TR36022).


References:

ACEA. 2021. Electric vehicles: Tax benefits & purchase incentives in the 27 member states of the European Union (2021), European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association. Available from Internet: https://www.acea.auto/files/Electric_vehicles-Tax_benefits_purchase_incentives_European_Union_2021.pdf. [Accessed on: 28.09.2022].

 

Alali, L.; Niesten, E.; Gagliardi, D. 2022. The impact of UK financial incentives on the adoption of electric fleets: The moderation effect of GDP change, Transportation Research Part A 161: 200-220.

 

Bojković, N.; Živojinović, T.; Zornić, N. 2021. Air pollution in the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic: analysis of emissions in Belgrade and Sarajevo [In Serbian: Aerozagađenje u vreme početka COVID-19 pandemije: analiza emisija u Beogradu i Sarajevu], ECOLOGICA 28(102): 301-308.

 

Čokorilo, O.; Ivković, I.; Kaplanović, S. 2019. Prediction of Exhaust Emission Costs in Air and Road Transportation, Sustainability 11(17): 4688.

 

Decree. 2021. Decree on the conditions and manner of conducting the subsidized purchase of new vehicles that have an exclusively electric drive, as well as vehicles that, in addition to the internal combustion engine, are powered by an electric drive (hybrid drive). [In Serbian: Uredba o uslovima i načinu sprovođenja subvencionisane kupovine novih vozila koja imaju isključivo električni pogon, kao i vozila koja uz motor sa unutrašnjim sagorevanjem pokreće i električni pogon (hibridni pogon). “Službeni glasnik” RS, broj 132/2021].

 

EC. 2022. CO2 emission performance standards for cars and vans. European Commission. Available from Internet: https://climate.ec.europa.eu/eu-action/transport-emissions/road-transport-reducing-co2-emissions-vehicles/co2-emission-performance-standards-cars-and-vans_en. [Accessed on: 01.10.2022].

 

EEA. 2020. Monitoring CO2 emissions from passenger cars and vans in 2018. EEA Report, No 02/2020. European Environment Agency. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.

 

EEA. 2022a. CO2 performance of new passenger cars in Europe. European Environment Agency. Available from Internet: https://www.eea.europa.eu/ims/co2-performance-of-new-passenger. [Accessed on: 27.09.2022].

 

EEA. 2022b. CO2 performance emissions of new vans in Europe. European Environment Agency. Available from Internet: https://www.eea.europa.eu/ims/co2-performance-emissions-of-new. [Accessed on: 27.09.2022].

 

Figenbaum, E.; Assum, T.; Kolbenstvedt, M. 2015. Electromobility in Norway: Experiences and Opportunities, Research in Transportation Economics 50: 29-38.

 

Figenbaum, E. 2017. Perspectives on Norway’s supercharged electric vehicle policy, Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions 25: 14–34.

 

Gass, V.; Schmidt, J.; Schmid, E. 2014. Analysis of alternative policy instruments to promote electric vehicles in Austria, Renewable Energy 61: 96-101.

 

Gómez Vilchez, J.J.; Thiel, C. 2019. The Effect of Reducing Electric Car Purchase Incentives in the European Union, World Electric Vehicle Journal 10: 64.

 

Haddadian, G.; Khodayar, M.; Shahidehpour, M. 2015. Accelerating the Global Adoption of Electric Vehicles: Barriers and Drivers, The Electricity Journal 28(10): 53–68.

 

Hardman, S.; Chandan, A.; Tal, G.; Turrentine, T. 2017. The effectiveness of financial purchase incentives for battery electric vehicles – A review of the evidence, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 80: 1100–1111.

 

Hawkins, T.R.; Gausen, O.M.; Strømman, A.H. 2012. Environmental impacts of hybrid and electric vehicles—a review, The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 17: 997–1014.

 

Ivković, I.; Čokorilo, O.; Kaplanović, S. 2018. The estimation of GHG emission costs in road and air transport sector: Case study of Serbia, Transport 33(1): 260-267.

 

Kaplanović, S.; Petrović, J.; Ivković, I. 2009. Economics instruments in the function of sustainable transport development [In Serbian: Ekonomski instrumenti u funkciji održivog razvoja drumskog saobraćaja], Journal of Applied Engineering Science 25: 17-22.

 

Kaplanović, S.; Mijailović, R. 2012. The internalisation of external costs of CO2 and pollutant emissions from passenger cars, Technological and Economic Development of Economy 18(3): 470-486.

 

Kaplanović, S. 2013. Internalization of External Costs for the Purpose of Providing Sustainable Development of Road Transport [In Serbian: Internalizacija eksternih troškova u funkciji obezbeđenja održivog razvoja drumskog saobraćaja], doctoral thesis, Belgrade: University of Belgrade – Faculty of Economics. p.309.

 

Law. 2021. Law on taxes on the use, possession and carrying of goods [In Serbian: Zakon o porezima na upotrebu, držanje i nošenje dobara (“Službeni glasnik RS”, broj 26/01, 80/02, 43/04, 132/04 - dr. propisi, 112/054 - dr. propisi, 114/06 - dr. propis,118/07 - dr. propis, 114/08 - dr. propis, 31/09, 106/09 - dr. propis, 95/10 - dr. propis, 101/10, 24/11, 100/11 - dr. propis, 120/12 - dr. propis, 113/13 - dr. propis, 68/14 - dr. zakon, 140/14 - dr. propis, 109/15 - dr. propis, 112/15, 105/16 - dr. propis, 119/17 - dr. propis, 104/18 - dr. propis, 86/19, 90/19 - dr. propis, 156/20 - dr. propis, 118/21, 132/21 - dr. propis)].

 

Lévay, P.Z.; Drossinos, Y.; Thiel, C. 2017. The effect of fiscal incentives on market penetration of electric vehicles: A pairwise comparison of total cost of ownership, Energy Policy 105: 524-533.

 

Mabit, S.L.; Fosgerau, M. 2011. Demand for alternative-fuel vehicles when registration taxes are high, Transportation Research Part D 16: 225–231.

 

Münzel, C.; Plötz, P.; Sprei, F., Gnann, T. 2019. How large is the effect of financial incentives on electric vehicle sales? – A global review and European analysis, Energy Economics 84: 104493.

 

Onat, N.C.; Kucukvar, M.; Tatari, O. 2015. Conventional, hybrid, plug-in hybrid or electric vehicles? State-based comparative carbon and energy footprint analysis in the United States, Applied Energy 150: 36–49.

 

Santos, G.; Davies, H. 2020. Incentives for quick penetration of electric vehicles in five European countries: Perceptions from experts and stakeholders, Transportation Research Part A 137: 326-342.

 

Sierzchula, W.; Bakker, S.; Maat, K.; van Wee, B. 2014. The influence of financial incentives and other socio-economic factors on electric vehicle adoption, Energy Policy 68: 183–194.

 

SORS. 2018. Statistical Yearbook of the Republic of Serbia 2018. Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.

 

SORS. 2019. Transportation and Telecommunications in the Republic of Serbia 2017 [In Serbian: Saobraćaj i telekomunikacije u Republici Srbiji, 2017]. Bilten 644; Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia: Belgrade, Serbia.

 

Wee, S.; Coffman, M.; Allen, S. 2020. EV driver characteristics: Evidence from Hawaii, Transport Policy 87: 33-40.


Quoted IJTTE Works

There is no quoted studies.



Related Keywords

IN-WHEEL-MOTOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES AND THEIR ASSOCIATED DRIVETRAINS