The goal of IJTTE is to broaden the knowledge of traffic and transport experts and academicians by promoting free access and provide valuable insight to transport related information, research and ideas. IJTTE will serve as a great resource for researchers and students across the globe.
Volume List  / Volume 9 (1)

Article

FACTORS INFLUENCING THE ADOPTION OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE: THE CASE OF ELECTRIC MOTORCYCLE IN NORTHERN GHANA

DOI: 10.7708/ijtte.2019.9(1).03


9 / 1 / 22-37 Pages

Author(s)

Lukuman Wahab - School of Engineering, Tamale Technical University, Tamale, Ghana -

Haobin Jiang - School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China -


Abstract

Electric motorcycles are one way to reduce fossil fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions in the area of transportation. This survey utilizes both Logit and Probit frameworks to explore the likely factors influencing the adoption of the electric motorcycle in Northern Ghana. The outcomes from the two models are consistent with each other; they have similar signs for every factor except for a slight contrast in the magnitude of the coefficients. A survey was conducted in Northern Ghana to elicit information from motorcyclists through a questionnaire. The model takes into consideration motorcyclists' perceptions about technical specifications of electric motorcycles, such as charging times, the lifespan of the battery, the performance of the electric motorcycle, motorcyclists' perception of the price of the electric motorcycle, driving range and motorcyclists' ages, monthly income, among others. The results reveal that perception of the price of the electric motorcycle, government subsidies, performance of the electric motorcycle, high usage, and maximum distance has a substantial impact on motorcyclists’ willingness to adopt electric motorcycles. The findings of this study will provide constructive advice to diverse stakeholders on the adoption of an electric motorcycle in Ghana.


Download Article

Number of downloads: 1208

Keywords:
electric motorcycle; Logit model; Northern Ghana; Probit model; technology adoption;


References:

Ackaah, W.; Afukaar, F.K. 2010. Prevalence of helmet use among motorcycle users in tamale metropolis, Ghana: An observational study, Traffic Injury Prevention 11(5): 522-525.

 

Ajzen, I. 1991. The theory of planned behavior, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 50(2): 179-211.

 

Akaateba, M.A.; Amoh-Gyimah, R.; Amponsah, O. 2015. Traffic safety violations in relation to drivers’ educational attainment, training and experience in Kumasi, Ghana, Safety Science 75: 156-162.

 

Akaateba, M.A.; Amoh-Gyimah, R.; Yakubu, I. 2014. A cross-sectional observational study of helmet use among motorcyclists in Wa, Ghana, Accident Analysis and Prevention 64: 18-22.

 

Axsen, J.; Kurani, K.S. 2011. Interpersonal influence in the early plug-in hybrid market: Observing social interactions with an exploratory multi-method approach, Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 16(2): 150-159.

 

Axsen, J.; Langman, B.; Goldberg, S. 2017. Confusion of innovations: Mainstream consumer perceptions and misperceptions of electric-drive vehicles and charging programs in Canada, Energy Research and Social Science 27: 163-173.

 

Barth, M.; Jugert, P.; Fritsche, I. 2016. Still underdetected - Social norms and collective efficacy predict the acceptance of electric vehicles in Germany, Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 37: 64-77.

 

Beggs, S.; Cardell, S.; Hausman, J. 1981. Assessing the potential demand for electric cars, Journal of Econometrics 17(1): 1-19.

 

Beresteanu, A.; Li, S. 2011. Gasoline Prices, Government Support, And The Demand For Hybrid Vehicles In The United States, International Economic Review 52(1): 161-182.

 

Bunch, D.S.; Bradley, M.; Golob, T.F.; Kitamura, R.; Occhiuzzo, G.P. 1993. Demand for clean-fuel vehicles in California: a discrete-choice stated preference pilot project, Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 27(3): 237-253.

 

Caperello, N.D.; Kurani, K.S. 2012. Households’ Stories of Their Encounters With a Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle, Environment and Behavior 44(4): 493-508.

 

Chéron, E.; Zins, M. 1997. Electric vehicle purchasing intentions: The concern over battery charge duration, Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 31(3): 235-243.

 

Cherry, C. 2007. Electric Bike Use in China and Their Impacts on the Environment, Safety, Mobility and Accessibility, WORKING PAPER UCB-ITS-VWP-2007-3, Berkeley.

 

Cherry, C.; Cervero, R. 2007. Use characteristics and mode choice behavior of electric bike users in China, Transport Policy 14(3): 247-257.

 

Chiu, Y.C.; Tzeng, G.H. 1999. The market acceptance of electric motorcycles in Taiwan experience through a stated preference analysis, Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 4(2): 127-146.

 

Dapilah, F.; Guba, B.Y.; Owusu-Sekyere, E. 2017. Motorcyclist characteristics and traffic behaviour in urban Northern Ghana: Implications for road traffic accidents, Journal of Transport and Health 4: 237-245.

 

Diamond, D. 2009. The impact of government incentives for hybrid-electric vehicles: Evidence from US states, Energy Policy 37(3): 972-983.

 

Dijk, M.; Orsato, R.J.; Kemp, R. 2013. The emergence of an electric mobility trajectory, Energy Policy 52: 135-145.

 

Driver and Vehicle Licensing Authority. 2016. Vehicle Registration and Licensing Statistics, National Report, Accra.

 

Egbue, O.; Long, S. 2012. Barriers to widespread adoption of electric vehicles: An analysis of consumer attitudes and perceptions, Energy Policy 48: 717-729.

 

Environmental Protection Agency 2016. Sources of Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Available from internet: https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/sources-greenhouse-gas-emissions.

 

Eppstein, M.J.; Grover, D.K.; Marshall, J.S.; Rizzo, D.M. 2011. An agent-based model to study market penetration of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, Energy Policy 39(6): 3789-3802.

 

Franke, T.; Krems, J.F. 2013. Interacting with limited mobility resources: Psychological range levels in electric vehicle use, Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 48: 109-122.

 

Gallagher, K.S.; Muehlegger, E. 2011. Giving green to get green? Incentives and consumer adoption of hybrid vehicle technology, Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 61(1): 1-15.

 

Graham-Rowe, E.; Gardner, B.; Abraham, C.; Skippon, S.; Dittmar, H.; Hutchins, R.; Stannard, J. 2012. Mainstream consumers driving plug-in battery-electric and plug-in hybrid electric cars: A qualitative analysis of responses and evaluations, Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 46(1): 140-153.

 

Greene, W.H. 2012. Econometric Analysis. The Prentice Hall Companies, Inc. USA. 1228p.

 

Guerra, E. 2017. Electric vehicles, air pollution, and the motorcycle city: A stated preference survey of consumers’ willingness to adopt electric motorcycles in Solo, Indonesia, Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment (June): 1-13.

 

Hård, M.; Knie, A. 2001. The Cultural Dimension of Technology Management: Lessons from the History of the Automobile, Technology Analysis & Strategic Management 13(1): 91–103.

 

Hardman, S.; Shiu, E.; Steinberger-Wilckens, R.; Turrentine, T. 2017. Barriers to the adoption of fuel cell vehicles: A qualitative investigation into early adopters attitudes, Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 95: 166-182.

 

Hidrue, M.K.; Parsons, G.R.; Kempton, W.; Gardner, M.P. 2011. Willingness to pay for electric vehicles and their attributes, Resource and Energy Economics 33(3): 686-705.

 

Higgins, A.; Paevere, P.; Gardner, J.; Quezada, G. 2012.. Combining choice modelling and multi-criteria analysis for technology diffusion: An application to the uptake of electric vehicles, Technological Forecasting and Social Change 79(8): 1399-1412.

 

Hosmer, D.W.; Lemeshow, S.; Sturdivant, R.X. 2013. Applied Logistic Regression. The John Wiley & Sons, Inc. USA. 518p.

 

Javid, R.J.; Nejat, A. 2017. A comprehensive model of regional electric vehicle adoption and penetration, Transport Policy 54: 30-42.

 

Jones, L.R.; Cherry, C.R.; Vu, T.A.; Nguyen, Q.N. 2013.. The effect of incentives and technology on the adoption of electric motorcycles: A stated choice experiment in Vietnam, Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 57: 1-11.

 

Junquera, B.; Moreno, B.; Álvarez, R. 2016. Analyzing consumer attitudes towards electric vehicle purchasing intentions in Spain: Technological limitations and vehicle confidence, Technological Forecasting and Social Change 109: 6-14.

 

Khan, M.; Kockelman, K.M. 2012. Predicting the market potential of plug-in electric vehicles using multiday GPS data, Energy Policy 46: 225-233.

 

Khatoon, M.; Tiwari, G.; Chatterjee, N. 2013. Impact of grade separator on pedestrian risk taking behavior, Accident Analysis and Prevention 50: 861-870.

 

Krumm, J. 2012. How People Use Their Vehicles: Statistics from the 2009 National Household Travel Survey. Available from Internet: https://www.sae.org/publications/technical-papers/content/2012-01-0489/.

 

Krupa, J.S.; Rizzo, D.M.; Eppstein, M.J.; Lanute, D.B.; Gaalema, D.E.; Lakkaraju, K.; Warrender, C.E., 2014. Analysis of a consumer survey on plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 64: 14-31.

 

Kutner, M. H.; Nachtsheim, C. J.; Neter, J. 2004. Applied Linear Regression Models. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. USA. 700p

 

Lane, B.; Potter, S. 2007. The adoption of cleaner vehicles in the UK: exploring the consumer attitude-action gap, Journal of Cleaner Production 15: 1085-1092.

 

Larson, P.D.; Viáfara, J.; Parsons, R.V.; Elias, A. 2014. Consumer attitudes about electric cars: Pricing analysis and policy implications, Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 69: 299-314.

 

Li, X.; Clark, C.D.; Jensen, K.L.; Yen, S.T.; English, B.C. 2013. Consumer purchase intentions for flexible-fuel and hybrid-electric vehicles, Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 18(1): 9-15.

 

Lieven, T.; Mühlmeier, S.; Henkel, S.; Waller, J.F. 2011. Who will buy electric cars? An empirical study in Germany, Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 16(3): 236-243.

 

Lin, B.; Wu, W. 2018. Why people want to buy electric vehicle: An empirical study in first-tier cities of China, Energy Policy 112: 233-241.

 

Liu, W.; Wang, C.; Mol, A.P.J. 2013. Rural public acceptance of renewable energy deployment: The case of Shandong in China, Applied Energy 102: 1187-1196.

 

Long, J.S.; Freese, J. 2014. Regression Models for Categorical Dependent Variables Using Stata. The StataCorp LP. USA. 618p.

 

Moons, I.; de Pelsmacker, P. 2012. Emotions as determinants of electric car usage intention, Journal of Marketing Management 28: 195-237.

 

Moons, I.; De Pelsmacker, P. 2015. An extended decomposed theory of planned behaviour to predict the usage intention of the electric car: A multi-group comparison, Sustainability (Switzerland) 7(5): 6212-6245.

 

Morganti, E.; Browne, M. 2018. Technical and operational obstacles to the adoption of electric vans in France and the UK: An operator perspective, Transport Policy 63: 90-97.

 

Musti, S.; Kockelman, K.M. 2011. Evolution of the household vehicle fleet: Anticipating fleet composition, PHEV adoption and GHG emissions in Austin, Texas, Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 45(8): 707-720.

 

Neubauer, J.; Brooker, A.; Wood, E. 2012. Sensitivity of battery electric vehicle economics to drive patterns, vehicle range, and charge strategies, Journal of Power Sources 209: 269-277.

 

Neubauer, J.; Wood, E. 2014. The impact of range anxiety and home, workplace, and public charging infrastructure on simulated battery electric vehicle lifetime utility, Journal of Power Sources 257: 12-20.

 

Pilkington, A.; Dyerson, R. 2002. Extending simultaneous engineering: electric vehicle supply chains and new product development, International Journal of Technology Management 23(1-3): 74-88.

 

Prüss-Üstün, A.; Wolf, J.; Corvalán, C.; Bos, R.; Neira, M. 2016. Preventing disease through healthy environments: a global assessment of the burden of disease from environmental risks. Available from Internet: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/204585/9789241565196_eng.pdf.

 

Rezvani, Z.; Jansson, J., Bodin, J. 2015. Advances in consumer electric vehicle adoption research: A review and research agenda, Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 34: 122-136.

 

Saxton, T. 2011. Understanding Electric Vehicle Charging. Available from internet: http://www.pluginamerica.org/drivers-seat/understanding-electric-vehicle-charging.

 

Schuitema, G.; Anable, J.; Skippon, S.; Kinnear, N.; 2013. T. The role of instrumental, hedonic and symbolic attributes in the intention to adopt electric vehicles, Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 48: 39-49.

 

Shaheed, M.S.; Gkritza, K. 2014. A latent class analysis of single-vehicle motorcycle crash severity outcomes, Analytic Methods in Accident Research 2: 30-38.

 

Sierzchula, W.; Bakker, S.; Maat, K.; Van Wee, B. 2014. The influence of financial incentives and other socio-economic factors on electric vehicle adoption, Energy Policy 68: 183-194.

 

Soto, J.J.; Cantillo, V.; Arellana, J. 2018. Incentivizing alternative fuel vehicles: the influence of transport policies, attitudes and perceptions, Transportation 1–33.

 

Train, K.E. 2009. Discrete Choice Methods with Simulation. The Cambridge University Press. USA. 400p.

 

Tran, M.; Banister, D.; Bishop, J.D.; McCulloch, M.D. 2012. Realizing the electric-vehicle revolution, Nature Climate Change 2(5): 328-333.

 

Van Haaren, R. 2012. Assessment of electric cars’ range requirements and usage patterns based on driving behavior recorded in the National Household Travel Survey of 2009. Available from Internet: http://legacy.veva.ca/papers/HowFarWeDrive_v1.2.pdf.

 

Wang, E.; Guo, Q.; Shen, J. 2018. Examining Shanghai Consumer Preferences for Electric Vehicles and Their Attributes, Sustainability 10(6): 1-16.

 

Wang, S.; Fan, J.; Zhao, D.; Yang, S.; Fu, Y., 2016. Predicting consumers’ intention to adopt hybrid electric vehicles: using an extended version of the theory of planned behavior model, Transportation 43(1): 123-143.

 

Weinert, J.; Ma, C.; Yang, X.; Cherry, C. 2007a. Electric Two-Wheelers in China: Effect on Travel Behavior, Mode Shift, and User Safety Perceptions in a Medium-Sized City, Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2038: 62-68.

 

Weinert, J.; Ogden, J.; Sperling, D.; Burke, A. 2008. The future of electric two-wheelers and electric vehicles in China, Energy Policy 36(7): 2544-2555.

 

Weinert, J.; Ma, C.; Cherry, C. 2007b. The transition to electric bikes in China: History and key reasons for rapid growth, Transportation 34(3): 301-318.

 

Wu, J.H.; Wu, C.W.; Lee, C.T.; Lee, H.J. 2015. Green purchase intentions: An exploratory study of the Taiwanese electric motorcycle market, Journal of Business Research 68(4): 829-833.

 

XE Corporation. 2018. XE: Convert EUR/GHS. Euro Member Countries to Ghana Cedi. Available from Internet: https://www.xe.com/currencyconverter/convert/?From=EUR&To=GHS.

 

Yadav, R.; Pathak, G.S. 2016. Young consumers’ intention towards buying green products in a developing nation: Extending the theory of planned behavior, Journal of Cleaner Production 135: 732-739.

 

Yeh, S. 2007. An empirical analysis on the adoption of alternative fuel vehicles: The case of natural gas vehicles, Energy Policy 35(11): 5865-5875.

 

Zhang, Y.; Yu, Y.; Zou, B. 2011. Analyzing public awareness and acceptance of alternative fuel vehicles in China: The case of EV, Energy Policy 39(11): 7015-7024.

 

Zubaryeva, A. et al. 2012. Assessing factors for the identification of potential lead markets for electrified vehicles in Europe: Expert opinion elicitation, Technological Forecasting and Social Change 79(9): 1622-1637.


Quoted IJTTE Works

There is no quoted studies.



Related Keywords

TEMPORAL AND PARAMETRIC STUDY OF TRAVELLER PREFERENCE HETEROGENEITY USING RANDOM PARAMETER LOGIT MODEL